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May Day Labor Day

Release time:

2020-05-01 18:32

International Labor Day, also known as "May Day International Labor Day" and "International Demonstration Day" (International Workers' Day or May Day), is a national holiday in more than 80 countries in the world. Set on May 1st every year. It is a festival shared by working people all over the world.

development history

In the 19th century, many countries such as the United States and Europe gradually developed from capitalism to imperialism. In order to stimulate the rapid development of the economy and extract more surplus value to maintain this high-speed capitalist machine, capitalists continued to increase labor. The method of time and labor intensity is used to brutally exploit workers.

In the United States, workers have to work 14 to 16 hours a day, some as long as 18 hours, but the wages are very low.

In 1877, the first national strike in American history began. The working class took to the streets to demonstrate and propose to the government to improve working and living conditions, to shorten working hours and to implement an eight-hour work system.

Under the strong pressure of the labor movement, the United States Congress was forced to enact the law of the eight-hour work system. However, some capitalists simply ignored it. This law is just a piece of paper. The workers are still living in dire straits and suffering from the capitalists.

In 1886, the first international conference in Geneva put forward the slogan of the eight-hour working day. On May 1, 1886, with Chicago as the center, a large-scale strike and demonstration of about 350000 people was held in the United States. The demonstrators demanded the improvement of working conditions and the implementation of an eight-hour work system. On May 3, 1886, the Chicago government dispatched police to suppress and shot and killed two people. The situation expanded. On May 4, strikers held a protest in the Hay Market Square. As unidentified people threw bombs at the police, the police finally opened fire. A total of 4 workers and 7 policemen were killed. History called "Hay Market Riot" (Haymarket Riot) or "Hay Market Massacre" (Haymarket Massacre). In subsequent sentencing, eight anarchists were charged with murder, four were hanged, and one committed suicide in prison.

Worker protests were held around the world to commemorate this great workers' movement and to protest the subsequent sentencing. These events became the predecessor of "International Labor Day.

In July 1889, it was announced at the Second International Founding Conference organized by Engels that May 1st of each year was designated as International Labor Day.

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